In addition, these CDMs were chosen for their known roles in breast carcinogenesis (i.e., PIK3CA H1047R and E545K), potential as a therapeutic target in breast cancer (i.e., PIK3CA H1047R and E545K), potential to confer resistance to molecularly targeted therapies in breast cancer (i.e., PIK3CA H1047R and E545K, and KRAS G12D and G12V), or rare frequencies reported in breast cancer (HRAS G12D and BRAF V600E). The gene discussed is HRAS; the disease is breast carcinoma.