KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer: In the cancer-specific survival (CSS) study, it is showed that when PAP concentration is <1.5 U/L, 1.5-2.4 U/L, and >2.5 U/L, the progression of prostate cancer is 93%, 87%, and 75% (P = 0.013), respectively, which shows better than the PSA test (<10 ng/mL, 10-20 ng/mL, and >20 ng/mL, progression of prostate cancer is 92%, 76%, and 83%, P = 0.393, respectively).