ADNFLE was the first epilepsy to be recognized as a channelopathy, i.e., a disease resulting from ion channel dysfunction, after the identification of the first mutation in the CHRNA4 gene, coding for the α4 nAChR subunit (Steinlein et al., 1995). The gene discussed is CHRNA4; the disease is autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy.