ALB and neoplasm: In this work, we first prepared the ultra-small MoSe2 nanodots, which were then assembled with bovine serum albumin (BSA) into nanospheres (NSs) and finally conjugated with tumor-targeting molecule folic acid (FA) via polyethylene glycol (PEG) “bridges.” In addition to the great photothermal effect, the obtained FA-MoSe2@BSA NSs were found to have excellent radio-sensitization property.