Transient receptor potential cation channel vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a key receptor for sensory transduction in polymodal nociceptors and has shown to be activated by hyperosmolarity, corneal damage, inflammatory mediators etc., which are present in ocular surface diseases such as dry eye (100). The gene discussed is TRPV1; the disease is Keratoconjunctivitis sicca.