Independent systemic and serological risk factors which may serve as predictors for NHL development in SS patients include salivary gland enlargement, lymphadenopathy, Raynaud's phenomenon, anti-Ro/SSA or/and anti-La/SSB positivity, RF positivity, monoclonal gammopathy, and C4 hypocomplementaemia [24]. The gene discussed is CALR; the disease is monoclonal gammopathy.