Early clinical trials have demonstrated the improvement in outcomes in pediatric patients with neuroblastoma that received immunotherapy with anti-GD2 ch14.18 antibody in combination with IL-2 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (167), whereas no clear benefit of antibody treatment without cytokine support was observed in a similar study performed by a German group suggesting a beneficial role for combining antibody therapy with cytokines (168). The gene discussed is IL2; the disease is neuroblastoma.