Associations were identified not only between BCAA and IS, but also with sAT gene expression, corroborating the hypothesis of a potential role of sAT in insulin resistance through inhibition of BCAA catabolism in AT which may accompany the known alteration of other metabolic pathways, including mTOR signaling in skeletal muscle, increase in gluconeogenesis, decrease in glycolysis and β-oxidation, and increased mitochondrial stress (Newgard et al., 2009; Herman et al., 2010; Roberts et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and Insulin resistance.