TNF and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis: Ma et al. (2016) demonstrated that the Pae repressed serum alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate transferase (AST) and total levels of cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and TNF-α, from a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) rat model via inhibiting Rho kinase (ROCK) and NF-κB pathway. Zhao et al. (Zhao et al., 2017) evaluated the effect of Pae on α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestasis rat model.