In addition, a potentially important feature of Pae treatment is its ability to protect against hyperplasia of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and significant depositions of collagen type I (Col I) and type III (Col III) in experimental schistosomiasis by modulation of TNF-α, IL-6, lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) and CD14 expressions (Liu et al., 2006). This evidence concerns the gene LBP and schistosomiasis.