The outcome from both studies showed that the patients’ responses to the NGF-treatment varied and approximately half of the patients responded to the ECB-NGF-treatment with increased cholinergic markers (e.g., ChAT activity) in CSF correlating to improved cognition and brain glucose metabolism (Karami et al., 2015), less brain atrophy (Ferreira et al., 2015) and normalization of the EEG-pattern (unpublished data). This evidence concerns the gene CHAT and Brain atrophy.