CD40 and colitis: The number of intraepithelial ILC1s is increased in patients with CD [32] and in mice with anti-CD40-induced colitis [33], thereby contributing to intestinal inflammation via secretion of IFN-γ [29, 34] and forming a pathological environment with a high concentration IFN, and this induced inflammation can be ameliorated by depletion of ILC1s [35].