CDK4 and melanoma: Specific CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors, such as palbociclib, offer a new potential target in the underlying p16-CDK4/6-Rb pathway (p16 pathway) since palbociclib has been approved for treatment of breast cancer and showed favourable outcomes in Phase I-II clinical trials in various types of cancer, such as mantle cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, liposarcoma, melanoma, and germ cell tumours [19–25].