In a study by Reilly et al., it could be shown that neutropenia was independently associated with a higher risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) and was characterized by a profile of high interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) relative to non-neutropenic sepsis [6]. The gene discussed is CXCL8; the disease is acute kidney injury.