VIP and neoplasm: In patient A (3 tumors examined in detail), the largest (80 mm; T3 according to ENETS, T2 according to UICC; G1, N0) and the second largest tumor (40 mm; Fig. 1) were by definition classified as vipomas (proven by VIP expression in more than 70% of the tumor cells; concordant with high blood VIP levels presurgically).