GHSR and cancer: Although there are currently no effective pharmacological treatments for cancer cachexia, except for non-pharmacological treatments such as nutritional therapy and exercise training34, several randomised controlled trials recently demonstrated new potential treatments for cancer cachexia such as anamorelin (a ghrelin receptor agonist) and enobosarm (a selective androgen receptor modulator), which increased skeletal muscle mass in patients with advanced NSCLC35–38.