Cytokines, such as interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), are involved in the regulation of microglial function and may react or contribute to AD-associated pathologies and/or mediate neurotoxicity2. This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and Alzheimer disease.