Furthermore, the results showed that the expression levels of ALDH1, Nanog, CD49f, Sox2, and Oct4 were decreased after treatment with zoledronic acid in cervical cancer cells derived CSCs but in parental cervical cancer cells, the expression levels of these stemness markers mentioned above were almost not changed (Fig. 3c and Additional file 2 Figure S2B). This evidence concerns the gene NANOG and cervical carcinoma.