MALAT1 and HIV-1 infection: To determine the specific role of MALAT1 in HIV-1 infection, we knocked the MALAT1 gene in Jurkat CD4+ T cells by transduction with lentiviruses containing MALAT1-specific lentiCRISPR gRNAs that targeting five nucleotides in the MALAT1 promoter for deletion, as confirmed by sequencing (Supplementary Figure S1A), and then infected these cells with HIV-Luc/NL4-3 virus for additional 48 h.