Finally, Van Der Lee et al. recently demonstrated that various NPM1-mutated-derived peptides are presented on the surface of primary AML cells and that the CLAVEEVSL peptide is a neoantigen which can be efficiently targeted by TCR gene transfer in a co-receptor independent fashion, resulting in TCR-tranduced cell cytolytic capacity against HLA-A*02:01-positive NPM1-mutated AML cells [17]. This evidence concerns the gene HLA-A and acute myeloid leukemia.