APLNR and neoplasm: The apelin receptor is a G-protein-coupled receptor which binds a number of substances (apelin, APELA, ELABELA, Toddler) with many important functions in the cardio-vascular system, such as cardiac development, vasomotor tone, angiogenesis, myocardial inotropy, prevention of fibrosis and remodelling.6,7,14–17 Recently, it was identified as an essential gene for cancer immunotherapy, which can modulate interferon-γ responses in tumours and the effector function of CD8+T cells.5 The loss of its function could reduce the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies.5