Clinical use of anti-PD-1 antibodies has resulted in response rates of 65–87% in relapsed or refractory HL patients11–13, implying that the blockade of PD-1/PD-L1 or -L2 signaling could trigger a T-cell-mediated immune response against tumor neoantigens. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is Hodgkins lymphoma.