Finally, although our studies provide strong evidence for a crucial role of the kindlin-2–PYCR1 signaling axis in liking mechano-environment to proline metabolism and signaling in cancer cells and tumor growth in vivo, our studies do not rule out the possibility that kindlin-2 may also contribute to the progression of lung adenocarcinoma through other mechanisms. This evidence concerns the gene PYCR1 and lung adenocarcinoma.