ESR1 and cancer: It is believed that the effects of MTA1 are due to its regulation of various cancer-promoting processes, including estrogen receptor signaling [10], canonical Wnt1/β-catenin signaling [11], hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) stabilization [12, 13], and regulation of EMT via repression of E-cadherin and other adhesion molecules [14, 15].