TGFB1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: To fill this void in our understanding, we tested the anti-proliferation and apoptosis-inducing effects of garcinol on mesenchymal H1299 as well as the A549M cells, the mesenchymal variants of parental A549 NSCLC cells that are rendered mesenchymal by exposure to transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) with resulting resistance against standard therapies such as tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) erlotinib and cisplatin.