IRAK1 and peripartum cardiomyopathy: Halkein et al. demonstrated that EC EXOs, enriched in miR-146a, taken up by CMs, promoted the decrease of CM metabolic activity and downregulated Erbb4, Notch1, and Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 1 (Irak1) expression, proteins which are normally upregulated in the maternal heart, leading to the development of peripartum cardiomyopathy [31].