Moreover, erinacine A can suppress oxidative stress by reducing nitrotyrosine and the expression of CCAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) [12], in addition to the activation of TrkA and Erk1/2 pathways [41], implying that erinacine A in our crude HE extracts may exert neuroprotection against SE. The gene discussed is DDIT3; the disease is hereditary elliptocytosis.