PDCD1 and cancer: In summary, there are many reasons for predisposition of patients with GD to cancer development: (i) bioactive lipids accumulation, (ii) GCs - alternatively activated macrophages, (iii) immune deregulation (accumulation of glucosylceramide)/PD1 expression/impaired NK cell activity, cytotoxicity of T lymphocytes, abnormal cytokine activity, impaired function of macrophages, and (iv) involvement of genetic modification (cancer phenotype, genetic mutation) [10].