To increase the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy based on VEGF and VEGFR2 inhibition, Allen and coworkers treated refractory pancreatic, breast and brain tumor mouse models with combined therapy using PD-1/PD-L1 pathway blockers and anti-angiogenic agents, since an increased expression of PD-L1 was observed after anti-angiogenic treatment [158]. Here, CD274 is linked to brain neoplasm.