It has long been known that changes in the level of circulatory ST6Gal-1 and the circulatory sialyl-glycan structures constructed by ST6Gal-1 are associated with a diverse array of clinical conditions including stress (6), atherosclerosis(4, 34), alcoholism (35, 36), as well as in a certain cancers, particularly colon, breast cancers and multiple myeloma (10–12). Here, ST6GAL1 is linked to alcohol dependence.