NFE2L2 and Parkinson disease: Such data shows that Nrf2 deficiency increases the sensitivity of mice to PD neurotoxins (Jakel et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2009; Colton, 2009), whereas the induction of this transcription factor in astrocytes exerts a protective effect against brain damage in the 6-OHDA model of PD (Jakel et al., 2007).