For example, both rapamycin, which induces autophagy/mitophagy through suppressing mTOR, and trehalose, which induces mTOR-independent autophagy/mitophagy, exhibit benefit in AD model mice (Spilman et al., 2010; Caccamo et al., 2013; Du et al., 2013; Portbury et al., 2017). Here, MTOR is linked to Alzheimer disease.