REN and Hyperglycemia: It has been shown in rat models that glucose induces pressor effects, first through an increase of efferent sympathetic discharges and then through activation of the renin–angiotensin system.38 Sustained hyperglycemia has been shown to activate the renin–angiotensin system in adults diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, thereby increasing systemic and renal vasomotor tone.39,40 This in turn might lead later to increased BP.