GHR and Laron syndrome: Individuals with GH resistance, as seen in Laron syndrome, a rare genetic condition resulting from an inactivating mutation in the GHR, are protected from cancer and diabetes.44–46 Conversely, patients with acromegaly have a higher risk of developing certain cancers, although the extent of that risk remains a topic of debate with conflicting observations.47,48 This is partly due to limitations in the ability to quantify the risk of cancer in patients with a rare disease and differences in the methodological approaches.