CD4 and neoplasm: Murata et al. showed that the combination of a whole tumor cell vaccine with an OX40 agonist antibody effectively induced a durable antigen-specific CD8 T cell response despite established immune tolerance to the target antigen.145 Agonist OX40 antibodies also enhanced the CD4 and CD8 T cell response generated by a DC-based vaccine.146 Various triple combinations of cancer vaccines with CPIs and costimulator agonist antibodies are also being explored.