Resveratrol, an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-activating polyphenol that activates SIRT1, improved skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in healthy obese men, in individuals with type 2 diabetes and in first-degree relatives of those with type 2 diabetes, although the observed metabolic health effects are inconsistent [11, 12]. Here, SIRT1 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.