An alternative explanation for the link between tumor glycolytic activity and response to immunotherapy comes from a recently published preclinical study, where the inhibition of glycolysis in different tumor models was associated with reduced secretion of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) by cancer cells and lower intratumor infiltration by MDSCs, which restrain the activity of cytotoxic lymphocytes [15]. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2 and cancer.