The associations between insulin use and incident dementia remained significant after additional adjustment for eGFR (HR (95% CI) = 1.54 (1.14, 2.07) (Table 2), after excluding from the comparison group individuals with diabetes who were not on any diabetes medication (HR (95% CI) = 1.49 (1.07, 2.07) (S6A Table) and when random rather than fixed-effects meta-analysis was used (HR (95% CI) = 1.54 (1.14, 2.07) and HR (95% CI) = 1.55 (1.12, 2.15) among diabetes patients and users of diabetes medications, respectively (S7A and S7B Table). This evidence concerns the gene INS and diabetes mellitus.