In the present study, serum MCP-1 and TGF-β1 levels in PM/DM patients were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), to investigate the possible role of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 in the pathogenesis of PM/DM complicated with ILD, and to provide a new diagnostic method for the early prediction as well as prognosis of DM/PM complicated with ILD. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and interstitial lung disease.