The results indicated that TSLNRs may be involved in several vital oncogenic signaling pathways, including the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the Ras signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, the Rap1 signaling pathway, the TGF-beta signaling pathway, the Hippo signaling pathway, the cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the PPAR signaling pathway, the Hedgehog signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, the NF-kappa B signaling pathway (Fig. 4h and Additional file 1: Table S5). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.