CXCL12 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Thus, we chose five SNPs associated with obesity and CD, to assess their association with T2D, namely, CXCL12 (stromal cell-derived factor 1 precursor) rs501120, CDKN2A/B (kinase inhibitor 2A) rs1333049, HNF-1α (hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha) rs2259816, FTO (fat mass and obesity) rs9939609, and LEP (leptin) rs7799039.