The hypothetical scenario of cessation of PSA testing for asymptomatic men in 2015 was predicted to significantly increase prostate cancer mortality over 20 years, RR 1.07 (95% MCI 1.07–1.08), and reduce the life expectancy by -0.06 (95% MCI -0.08–-0.04) per 1000 persons. Here, KLK3 is linked to prostate carcinoma.