Approximately 25 established T2DM loci (ADAMTS9, ALX4, BCL11A, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, COL8A1, DUSP9, FTO, GCK, GNPDA2, HMG20A, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, IGF2BP2, JAZF1, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, MC4R, PPARγ, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, TFAP2B, TP53INP1, and WFS1) and few established obesity loci (ADIPOQ, FTO, RFX7, and USP37) are observed to replicate in the Arab population (Table 1). Here, ALX4 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.