This is underlined by the following observations in the Arab population: the prevalence of obesity in T2DM patients is high (41), Arab studies often find obesity-related genetic loci (e.g., ADIPOQ gene) to contribute to the genetic risk of T2DM in Arab populations (10, 23, 42, 43), and established T2DM-related SNPs are seen associated with obesity phenotypes in Arabs (44). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.