Approximately 25 established T2DM loci (ADAMTS9, ALX4, BCL11A, CDKAL1, CDKN2A/B, COL8A1, DUSP9, FTO, GCK, GNPDA2, HMG20A, HNF1A, HNF1B, HNF4A, IGF2BP2, JAZF1, KCNJ11, KCNQ1, MC4R, PPARγ, SLC30A8, TCF7L2, TFAP2B, TP53INP1, and WFS1) and few established obesity loci (ADIPOQ, FTO, RFX7, and USP37) are observed to replicate in the Arab population (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene USP37 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.