In different types of cancers including colon, gastric, renal, oral squamous, and esophageal cancer and melanoma, SIRT3 expression is upregulated (Finley and Haigis, 2012; Liu et al., 2014), determining an alteration of many important biological processes and correlating with high tumor grade, positive lymph node status, and poor prognosis. This evidence concerns the gene SIRT3 and cancer.