By using TNFR–/– mice (strain B6.129 S-Tnfrsf1atm1Imx Tnfrsf1btm1Imx/J), the researchers found a significant decrease in numbers of tumour-associated macrophages and dendritic cells expressing PD-L1 and an associated reduction in the size of the tumours93. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and neoplasm.