The first aim of this study was to investigate two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and one VNTR polymorphism in the IL-1 gene cluster (IL-1A (−889C/T, rs1800587), IL-1B (+3953C/T, rs1143634), and IL-1RN (gene for IL-1 receptor antagonist, IL-1RA, 86 bp tandem repeats in intron 2)) in CP patients, diabetic patients of both types (T1DM and T2DM), and healthy controls in the Czech population. Here, IL1RN is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.