Although no significant relationships between IL-1A (−889C/T) or IL-1B (+3953C/T) variants and T1DM in Czech patients were found, the IL-1B∗T allele in combination with IL-1A∗C and IL-1RN∗L alleles was associated with an increased risk of T1DM. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.