CREB1 and Alzheimer disease: Reflecting the multifactorial and complex etiology of AD, the histopathological hallmarks, such as amyloid β-protein (Aβ) deposits4; dysfunctional signaling of acetylcholine (ACh) in certain areas of the brain5; τ protein neurofibrillary tangles6; metabolic pathways, such as those involving cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB)7; oxidative stress8; and inflammation9, appear to play significant roles.