Between 1998 and 2004, the COG in North America, New Zealand, and Australia completed a study in low risk patients (COG P9641) using the INSS stage, age, MYCN status, INPC, and tumor cell ploidy to determine eligibility with a goal of showing that surgery alone was sufficient in low risk patients with stage 2 disease [36]. Here, MYCN is linked to neoplasm.