The PI3K signaling pathway, which is upstream of both mTOR complexes, often has various kinds of mutations of its components in cancer, such as mutation and amplification of Akt and of PIK3CA and amplification of growth factor receptors, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and insulin growth factor receptor (IGFR) [76,77,78]. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and cancer.