Despite the lack of fibrosis, cardiac hypertrophy may also be accompanied by connexin expression remodeling [51], thus WT, Cx40−/−, Panx1−/−, and Cx40−/−Panx1−/− hearts were examined for molecular anomalies at the intercalated discs (ICDs) which may manifest as changes in Cx43 location. The gene discussed is GJA1; the disease is cardiac hypertrophy.