Ess et al. [5] retrospectively analyzed population based data on the frequency of molecular testing, factors affecting testing and the prevalence of EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements in patients with stage IV or relapsed non-squamous NSCLC (including adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma and NOS histology) from 2008 to 2014. The gene discussed is ALK; the disease is large cell carcinoma.